🖥️ Basic Linux Commands: A Beginner's Guide
🔹 Introduction
Linux commands help users interact with the operating system through the command line. Here’s a quick guide to some of the most essential Linux commands for navigation, system information, and file management.
📌 System Navigation & Information Commands
📖 man (Manual Pages)
Usage: Displays the manual page for a command.
man ls
🔹 Example: man pwd will show details about the pwd command.
📍 pwd (Print Working Directory)
Usage: Displays the current directory path.
pwd
🔹 Example Output: /home/user
📂 ls (List Files)
Usage: Lists files and directories in the current location.
ls
ls -l
ls -a
ls -la
🔹 Options: -l (detailed view), -a (show hidden files), -h (human-readable file sizes)
📂 cd (Change Directory)
Usage: Moves between directories.
cd /home/user/Documents
🔹 Example: cd .. moves to the parent directory.
🔍 uname (System Information)
Usage: Shows system information.
🔍 uname -r (Kernel Version)
Usage: Displays the Linux kernel version.
uname
uname -r
👤 whoami (Current User)
Usage: Prints the currently logged-in user.
whoami
📜 history (Command History)
Usage: Displays previously executed commands.
history
🔹 Example: history | grep ls will filter history for ls commands.
📅 date (Current Date & Time)
Usage: Shows the current system date and time.
date
🔹 Example Output: Tue Feb 6 14:45:20 UTC 2025
📁 File & Folder Management Commands
📂 rmdir (Remove Empty Directory)
Usage: Deletes an empty directory.
rmdir foldername
🔹 Example: rmdir old_folder
🗑️ rm (Remove File)
Usage: Deletes files.
rm filename
🔹 Example: rm document.txt
🚨 rm -rf (Force Remove)
Usage: Recursively deletes files and directories forcefully.
rm -rf foldername
🔹 Example: rm -rf /home/user/temp ⚠️ Caution: This command permanently deletes files with no recovery.
📋 cp (Copy Files & Folders)
Usage: Copies files or directories.
cp source destination
🔹 Example: cp file1.txt /home/user/backup/
✂️ mv (Move/Rename Files & Folders)
Usage: Moves or renames files and directories.
mv oldname newname
🔹 Example: mv report.docx /home/user/Documents/
🎯 Conclusion
Mastering these basic Linux commands will help you efficiently manage files, navigate directories, and gather system information. Stay tuned for more advanced Linux topics! 🚀
📌 Next Up: File Permissions & User Management Commands! 🔐